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Detailed information for Germany prepared in 2009

Heavy Metals
Emission data
Transboundary depositions
Comparison of the modelling results with measurements

Persistent Organic Pollutants
Emission data
Mean annual concentrations in main environmental compartments
Depositions and transboundary fluxes of PCDD/Fs and B[a]P
Comparison of the modelling results with measurements

Acidifying and eutrophying pollutants

Heavy Metals

Emission data

National emission totals on lead, cadmium and mercury for 2007 were used in calculations.

The total anthropogenic emissions of HMs and their spatial distributions with resolution 50x50 km are given below:

Heavy metals Total emissions, t/y Maps
 Lead 106.0 map
 Cadmium 2.5 map
 Mercury 4.0 map

Depositions and transboundary fluxes

On the basis of emission and meteorological data for 2007 transboundary depositions were calculated. Maps of lead, cadmium and mercury deposition fluxes from national sources (Maps of deposition fluxes from), maps of contribution of external antropogenic sources to deposition to the country (Maps of contributions) and maps of total deposition fluxes to the country (Maps of deposition fluxes to) are presented in the table. Besides pie charts illustrating the deposition budget for principal regions-receptors (Depositions from) and contributions of main sources to deposition to the country (Depositions to) are given.

Heavy metals Maps of deposition fluxes from Maps of deposition fluxes to Maps of contribution Depositions from Depositions to
 Lead map map map pie chart pie chart
 Cadmium map map map pie chart pie chart
 Mercury map map map pie chart pie chart

Comparison of the modelling results with measurements

In order to verify the obtained concentrations in air and precipitation, the modelling results were compared with measurement data. Measurement data were collected at monitoring sites of EMEP network and prepared by Chemical Coordinating Centre of EMEP (CCC). The comparison data are presented below. Along with the mean annual values the links to diagrams with the comparison of measured and calculated monthly mean concentrations of heavy metals are also presented.

Annual and monthly mean concentrations of heavy metals in air

Station Lead, ng/m3 Cadmium, ng/m3 Mercury, ng/m3
Meas. Calc. Monthly Meas. Calc. Monthly Meas. Calc. Monthly
 DE1 3.77 3.51 chart 0.11 0.10 chart      
 DE2 5.41 5.18 chart 0.16 0.12 chart 1.80 1.58 chart
 DE3 3.10 4.47 chart 0.08 0.09 chart      
 DE7 5.36 3.98 chart 0.16 0.10 chart      
 DE8 3.40 3.93 chart 0.10 0.08 chart 1.77 1.48 chart
 DE9 4.62 3.74 chart 0.14 0.11 chart 1.65 1.57 chart

Annual and monthly mean concentrations of heavy metals in precipitation

Station Lead, µg/L Cadmium, µg/L Mercury, ng/L
Meas. Calc. Monthly Meas. Calc. Monthly Meas. Calc. Monthly
 DE1 0.61 0.76 chart 0.02 0.02 chart 6.30 8.20 chart
 DE2 0.77 0.67 chart 0.03 0.02 chart 9.00 8.40 chart
 DE3 0.77 0.68 chart 0.02 0.02 chart 10.70 7.80 chart
 DE7 0.89 0.66 chart 0.03 0.02 chart      
 DE8 0.82 0.60 chart 0.03 0.02 chart 6.80 7.90 chart
 DE9 0.81 0.70 chart 0.03 0.02 chart 7.90 9.10 chart

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Persistent Organic Pollutants

Emission data

National emission totals on PCDD/Fs, B[a]P and B[b]F, B[k]F, I_P (recalculated from emission value of B[a]P), HCB for 2007 were used in calculations. PCB emission for 2007 based on expert estimates [Breivik et al., 2007].

POPs Total emissions, t/y (for PCDD/Fs - g TEQ/y) Maps
 PCDD/Fs 83.0 map
 B[a]P 33.0 map
 B[b]F 37.0 map
 B[k]F 12.0 map
 IP 25.0 map
 HCB 2.0·10-3 map
 PCB-153 0.3  

Mean annual concentrations in main environmental compartments

Calculated concentrations in various media including atmosphere (means over the country, minimum and maximum values in the country) as well as links to the corresponding maps of spatial distributions are presented in the table.

POPs Mean Min Max Maps
Air concentrations, ng/m3 (for PCDD/Fs - fg TEQ/m3)
 PCDD/Fs 1.20 0.58 4.24 map
 B[a]P 0.55 8.34·10-2 1.51 map
 B[b]F 0.46 0.13 1.06 map
 B[k]F 0.15 4.11·10-2 0.34 map
 IP 0.33 8.32·10-2 0.73 map
 HCB 1.53·10-2 1.27·10-2 2.57·10-2 map
 PCB-153 3.97·10-3 1.07·10-3 3.99·10-2 map
 g-HCH 1.37·10-2 9.06·10-3 3.39·10-2 map
Soil concentrations, ng/g (for PCDD/Fs - pg TEQ/g)
 PCDD/Fs 0.49 0.20 0.78 map
 B[a]P 0.24 5.02·10-2 0.56 map
 B[b]F 0.57 0.17 1.06 map
 B[k]F 0.19 5.94·10-2 0.37 map
 IP 0.33 0.12 0.62 map
 HCB 6.02·10-3 1.74·10-3 1.16·10-2 map
 PCB-153 0.12 3.28·10-2 0.17 map
 g-HCH 1.10·10-2 3.75·10-3 1.63·10-2 map
Vegetation concentrations, ng/g (for PCDD/Fs - pg TEQ/g)
 PCDD/Fs 4.31 2.51 10.34 map
 B[a]P 122.46 13.49 345.31 map
 B[b]F 175.00 13.40 498.00 map
 B[k]F 65.30 12.90 172.00 map
 IP 116.00 2.94 333.00 map
 HCB 0.93 0.44 1.93 map
 PCB-153 4.06 1.19 24.30 map
 g-HCH 2.03 1.28 4.29 map

Depositions and transboundary fluxes of PCDD/Fs and B[a]P

On the basis of emission and meteorological data for 2007 transboundary depositions of B[a]P and PCDD/Fs were calculated. Links to the maps of deposition fluxes from national sources (Deposition from the country), contributions of external antropogenic sources to deposition to the country (Contribution to depositions) and total depositions to the country (Depositions to the country) are presented in the table. Besides pie charts illustrate the deposition budget for principal regions-receptors (Depositions from the country) and contributions of main sources to deposition (Depositions to the country) to the country.

  POPs   Depositions from the country Depositions to the country Contribution to depositions
 PCDD/Fs map / pie chart map / pie chart map
 B[a]P map / pie chart map / pie chart map

Comparison of the modelling results with measurements

This section presents the comparison of modelling results with measurements in 2007 carried out at the EMEP measurement sites.

DE1

Concentration in air, B[a]P (ng/m3); PCB-153, y-HCH, HCB (pg/m3)

Pollutant Measured Calculated
  B[a]P
 0.093 0.116
  PCB-153
 2.3 1.07
  y-HCH
 37.83 20.99
  HCB
 62.91 14.81

Concentration in precipitations, ng/L

Pollutant Measured Calculated
  PCB-153
 0.12 0.14
  HCB
 0.033 0.016

 

DE3

Concentration in air, B[a]P (ng/m3); PCB-153,HCB (pg/m3)

Pollutant Measured Calculated
  B[a]P
 0.047 0.167
  PCB-153
 1.502 3.361
  HCB
 59.58 15.03

Concentration in precipitations, ng/L

Pollutant Measured Calculated
  B[a]P
 2.10 4.39
  PCB-153
 0.09 0.39
  y-HCH
 2.08 0.49
  HCB
 0.08 0.02

DE8

Concentration in air, B[a]P (ng/m3); PCB-153,HCB (pg/m3)

Pollutant Measured Calculated
  B[a]P
 0.115 0.245
  PCB-153
 1.150 4.201
  HCB
 62.70 14.55

Concentration in precipitations, ng/L

Pollutant Measured Calculated
  B[a]P
 4.96 7.81
  PCB-153
 0.18 0.45
  y-HCH
 1.33 0.54
  HCB
 0.101 0.016

DE9

Concentration in air, B[a]P (ng/m3); PCB-153,y-HCH, HCB (pg/m3)

Pollutant Measured Calculated
  B[a]P
 0.155 0.127
  PCB-153
 1.947 1.610
  y-HCH
 16.85 15.27
  HCB
 72.34 14.46

Concentration in precipitations, ng/L

Pollutant Measured Calculated
  B[a]P
 2.68 4.72
  PCB-153
 0.17 0.20
  y-HCH
 1.06 0.61
  HCB
 0.073 0.016

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Meteorological Synthesizing Centre - East, 2009